聚焦四级考试作文
大学英语教学的目的是培养学生较强的阅读能力和一定的听、说、写和译的能力，使学生能够用英语来交流信息和获取信息。而四级作文正是针对此种目的而设计，旨在测试学生用书面英语表达思想的一般能力。考试中第一部分为短文写作（PartⅠWriting），考试时间为30分钟，要求考生写出不少于120个单词的短文。
试题中可能提供提纲或主题句（中、英文），或规定情景，或提供图表或图画，要求考生展开写作。或给出段首句要求续写，或要求考生根据情景提示写书信或便条。或提供命题，或提供关键词要求进行论述。或要求考生在读完一篇较长的文章之后写出摘要或概括大意。
写作题材多为社会、文化、校园学习生活等方面的一些热点话题和一般哲理性话题，这些题材大都为考生所熟悉。写作体裁涉及记叙文、议论文、说明文和应用文等。有时，也有可能是其中的两种文体融合在一起考查，所以考生必须认真审题，仔细推敲，准确判断文体，以免跑题。
一、四级作文写作原则
一般来说，考生在四级写作中应当做到：
1.语法、拼写、标点正确，用词恰当。
2.遵循文章的特定文体格式。
3.合理组织文章结构，使内容统一、连贯。
4.根据写作目的和特定读者，恰当选用语言。
二、四级作文评分原则
1.四级作文是检查考生是否达到《大学英语教学大纲要求》规定的教学要求，对作文的评判应以《大学英语教学大纲要求》为准则。
2.四级作文采用总体评分（GIobal scoring）方法，阅卷人员就总的印象给出奖励分（Reward scores），而不是按语言点的错误数目扣分。
3.从内容和语言两个方面对作文进行综合评判。内容和语言是一个统一体，作文应表达题目所规定的内容，而内容要通过语言来表达。要考虑作文是否切题，是否充分表达思想，也要考虑是否用英语清楚而确切地表达思想，也就是要考虑语言上的错误是否会造成理解上的障碍。
4.作文评分避免趋中倾向。该给高分的给高分，包括满分；该给低分的给低分，包括0分，阅卷人员在所阅的全部作文卷中不应只给中间段分数。
三、四级作文评分标准
1.本题满分为15分，占全卷分数的15%，标准分约为106.5分。
2.阅卷标准共分为五等：2分、5分、8分、11分及14分。各种标准样卷一至二份。
3.阅卷人员根据阅卷标准，对照样卷评分，若认为与某一分数（如8分）相似，即定为该分数（即8分）；若认为稍优或稍劣于该分数，即可加一分（即9分）或减一分（即7分），但不得加或减半分。
4.评分标准
2分——条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或在部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。
5分——基本切题。表达思想不清楚，连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。
8分——基本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯；语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误。
11分——切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。
14分——切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性好。基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错误。
注：白卷，作文与题目毫不相关，或只有几个孤立的词而无法表达思想，则给0分。
5.如题目中给出主题句，起始句，结束句，均不计入所写字数。只写一段者：0～4分；只写两段者：0～9分（按规定三段的作文）。长度计分标准如下。
6.为便于阅卷人员掌握评分标准，现将各档作文相当于百分制的得分，列表如下，称为得分率。其中9分的得分率为60（相当于百分制的60分）。
四、四级写作样卷评析
下面是大学英语四级考试的作文样卷。根据上面讲到的评分原则和评分标准，分为五个档次。请对照评分标准，找出失分的原因，以避免在自己的作文中出现。
Directions：For this part，you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic：It pays to Be Honest.You should write at Ieast 120words according to the outline given below in Chinese.
1.当前社会上存在许多不诚实的现象。
2.诚实利人利己，做人应该诚实。
It Pays to Be Honest
14points
AIthough honesty is believed to be a virtue，there are still dishonest people in our society.For example，some businessmen sell fake products to their consumers；some students cheat in the exams.
Dishonest people are short-sighted.Those who sell fake products may make money at first，but once they were found out，consumers won’t buy their products any more.As a result，they will Iose their fortune or even be sent to prison.By contrast，honest people gain a Iot.
Those who always tell truth or keep to their promise not only Iet others trust them but gain respect from other people as well.Such persons are sure to have a Iot of good friends.Because they are trustable and respectable，everyone is eager to make friends with them，Besides，it is easier for a person with a good record to get a good job.Generally speaking，every employer wants his employees to be honest.So we can say that anyone who is honest will be paid back Iater.
In a word，honesty wins trust，respect and honor.So it is important that we should be honest.
妙语评析：第一句点明话题，同时用although引导的从句指出诚实是美德，为后文作了铺垫，再用例子阐释第一句提纲。第二段从反面论述不诚实的坏处，得出结论。第三段从其它方面认述诚实的好处。第四段用两句分别进行了总结和点题。
11points
Nowadays，many people choose not be honest in our modern society.We almost can find such things every day of our Iife：some students cheat in the exam for higher marks；some corporations tell wrong data to the public in order to get more investment and some doctors treat their patients with unnecessary and expensive medicines in order to make money，sometimes damaged the patient’s health，even their Iife.
Seeing this situation，I think it must be changed.Being honest will benefit not only others，but also ourselves.First，your honesty will make others willing to trust you.Second，being honest can Iead you to face your problem bravely which helps to solve it.And the Iast，honesty surely helps to make the society more harmony.
So，I think everyone should start to be honest and everyone should have the idea that our society can not do without honesty.
妙语评析：这篇文章全部采取正面论述的方法，略显苍白和单调，但文章尚连贯。
8points
In our modern social Iife，there are many examples around us show many people are cheated.Advertisements cheat people，salesmen cheat people，even one‘s closest friends cheat him or her.So many heartbreaks are heard everyday that we cannot help asking：where is our honest exist？
Everybody is taught honest in the primary school or even in the kindergarten.Honesty does good not only to ourseives，but to others as well.If we are honest to others，we will be happier and be in a better mood.Otherwise，we’ll feel guilt at Iast.To a company and its advertisement，honesty will bring it more consumer and more profit.If we cheat others，friends will not believe you and they will Ieave you alone.To a company，no consumer will buy your product again！
So，as the above is said，it pays to be honest.Let‘s create a morally outstanding social.
妙语评析：仅在第一段就有那么多的错误和不规范的表达，其余的就不用说了。好在还能扣题，连贯性也过得去。
5points
With the development of modern economic and industry，competitive is becoming more and more obvious.At the same time，the performance of dishonest is becoming more and more clearly.
Nowadays，there are many dishonest performance in our society.For example，some people found that he saled goods had past the preservation date.Not throw them away，the revised the preservation date，and saled them again after several day.Another case in the point，a pair of shoes was made from goat.However，in order to sale at a high price，the salers would say they were made from cow which has good quality.
From the foregoing，we can see that dishonest does not only harm to yourselves but also harm to others.And it is no use only realize the harmness of dishonest.We should be honest from now on and be honest on our daily Iife.It is only that people all over the world are honest then our country will be beautiful and wealthy.
妙语评析：来看更是错误百出，内容不够连贯，论述也不够充实。
