Because heated water can hold more dissolved solids， warm and especially hot springs also often have a very high mineral content， containing everything from simple calcium to lithium， and even radium。 Because of both the folklore and the claimed medical value some of these springs have， they are often popular tourist destinations， and locations for rehabilitation clinics for those with disabilities。
The water issuing from a hot spring is heated by geothermal heat， i。e。， heat from the Earth’s mantle。 In general， the temperature of rocks within the earth increases with depth。 The rate of temperature increase with depth is known as the geothermal gradient。 If water percolates deeply enough into the crust， it will be heated as it comes into contact with hot rocks。 The water from hot springs in non－volcanic areas is heated in this manner。
Steam Crepuscular rays at Mammoth Hot Springs in active volcanic zones such as Yellowstone National Park， water may be heated by coming into contact with magma （molten rock）。 The high temperature gradient near magma may cause water to be heated enough that it boils or becomes superheated。 If the water becomes so hot that it builds steam pressure and erupts in a jet above the surface of the Earth， it is called a geyser。 If the water only reaches the surface in the form of steam， it is called fumaroles。 If the water is mixed with mud and clay， it is called a mud pot。
2温泉种类以及日本温泉礼仪的表达方式
（1）classification of springs温泉种类
carbonate spring碳酸泉
sulphur spring硫磺泉
common salt springs食盐泉
sodium bicarbonate spring碳酸氢钠泉
pure spring单纯泉
（2）Etiquette日本温泉礼仪
An onsen is a term for hot springs in the Japanese language， though the term is often used to describe the bathing facilities and inns around the hot springs。 As a volcanically active country， Japan has thousands of onsen scattered along its length and breadth。 Onsen were traditionally used as public bathing places and today play a central role in directing Japanese domestic tourism。
Bathers are not normally allowed to wear swimsuits in the baths。 However， some modern onsen with more of a water park atmosphere require their guests to wear a swimming suit in their mixed baths。
Swimsuits和服泳衣
Bathers are not normally allowed to wear swimsuits in the baths。 However， some modern onsen with more of a waterpark atmosphere require their guests to wear a swimming suit in their mixed baths。
Towels毛巾
Onsen guests generally bring a small towel with them to use as a wash cloth。 The towel can also provide a modicum of modesty when walking between the washing area and the baths。
Noise音量
Onsen vary from quiet to noisy， some play piped music and often feature gushing fountains。 Bathers will engage in conversation in this relaxed situation。
Tattoos图案纹
Many onsen ban bathers with tattoos， which in Japan are traditionally perceived as a badge of criminality—Yakuza traditionally have elaborate tattoos。
依化学组成分类，温泉中主要的成分包含氯离子、碳酸根离子、硫酸根离子，依这三种阴离子所占的比例可分为氯化物泉、碳酸氢盐泉、硫酸盐泉。 除了这三种阴离子之外，也有以其他成分为主的温泉，例如重曹泉（以重碳酸钠为主）、重碳酸土类泉、食盐泉（以氯化钠离子为主）、氯化土盐泉、芒硝泉（硫酸钠离子为主）、石膏泉（以硫酸钙为主）、正苦味泉（以硫酸镁为主）、含铁泉（白磺泉）、含铜、铁泉（又称青铜泉） 其中食盐泉也称盐泉，可依含氯化物食盐的多寡｀，区分为弱食盐泉和强食盐泉。
Key words ＆ Sentences
关键词句全知道
People have used hot springs to keep in good health for ages。
人们用温泉来保持健康由来已久。
Hot springs are formed by natural waters that emerge from the bowels of the earth and that possess therapeutic properties said to have a positive effect on disorders of the nervous and digestive systems， the circulation， and the organs。
温泉是因地底深处冒出的自然之水而形成的，具有治疗的特征，对神经，消化系统，血液流通和器官的疾病都有积极的治疗作用。
Hot Spring project is health， leisure， tourism areas。
温泉项目属于养生，休闲，度假旅游范畴。
Hot springs bath is the core of culture， health and cultural， leisure culture， and cultural holiday。
温泉旅游的核心是温泉沐浴文化，养生文化，休闲文化，度假文化。
In Hakone Kowakien Yunessun， a mountainous hot spring resort just a day trip from Tokyo， a spa park is offering a bathtub， shaped like a beer mug， filled with heated amber water and white foam with the aroma of hops and barley。
距离东京仅有一天路程的神奈川县箱根町是一个多山的温泉胜地。这里的一家温泉公园设了一种啤酒杯状的浴缸，浴缸内盛满了散发着啤酒花和大麦清香的热啤酒。
The photo taken on December 19 shows a Japanese boy and his grandfather sitting in a 229kg pumpkin， enjoying a hot spring bath， at a spa facility in Toyama prefecture， Japan。
一张11月19日拍摄的照片中，显示在日本富山一家温泉馆里，祖孙两人坐在重达229公斤的大南瓜里泡温泉，享受spa的乐趣。
Toyama prefecture is rich in hot spring resources， and is also known for hot spring bath。
富山县有很好的温泉资源，以温泉浴著称。
Hold the Dead Sea salts and tea－tree oil， an Israeli health and beauty spa has introduced a new treatment to its menu—snake massage。
在以色列的温泉疗养场所，人们一般总会看到死海盐以及茶树油这类东西，不过该国一家以保健和美容为卖点的温泉疗养场所却在近日推出了一种全新的理疗服务项目：用蛇来为顾客按摩身体。
Geysers emit water。
间歇温泉喷出水来。
A natural spring issues water warmer than body temperature and therefore feels hot。
温泉：天然泉水，由于其水温高于人体温度而使人感到温暖。
Ever since ancient times， people have recognized the rejuvenating and therapeutic properties of these natural resources。
自远古时代，人们已经认识到温泉这种天然资源具有使人振奋和治疗的特性。
Taiwan is ranked among the world’s top 15 hot spring sites， harboring a great variety of springs， including hot springs， cold springs， mud springs， and seabed hot springs。
台湾，是跻身世界排名前15位的温泉场所，种类繁多，包括温泉，冷泉，泥泉以及海底温泉。
Taiwan Island can proudly regard itself as one of the regions with the highest concentration and greatest variety of hot springs in the world。
可以自豪地说台湾岛是世界上温泉最集中以及种类最繁多的地区之一。
More than one hundred hot springs have been discovered in Taiwan， located in different geological areas including plains， mountains， valleys， and oceans。
台湾已发现超过一百个温泉，位于不同地质区域，如平原、高山、峡谷、海洋。
Specific properties of hot springs vary depending on chemical composition， mineral concentration and water temperature。
因温泉的化学成分、矿物浓度和水温的不同，温泉的特性也不同。
There are hot springs on all continents and in many countries around the world。
在全球范围内所有的大洲和许多国家都有温泉。
Countries and regions that are renowned for their hot springs include China， Costa Rica， Iceland， Iran， New Zealand， Peru， United States， Taiwan， and Japan。
因温泉而著名的国家和地区有：中国，哥斯达黎加，冰岛，新西兰，秘鲁，美国，台湾和日本。
Let’s Talk！
开始交流吧！
Diana： It’s damn cold today。
戴安娜：今天可真是冷啊。
Carrie： It is a long time of coldness here， in Henan province。
凯瑞：在河南省，冷的时间可是很长的。
