For decades，there has been a stalemate：two peoples with legitimate aspirations，each with a painful history that makes compromise elusive. It is easy to point fingers - for Palestinians to point to the displacement brought by Israel’s founding，and for Israelis to point to the constant hostility and attacks throughout its history from within its borders as well as beyond. But if we see this conflict only from one side or the other，then we will be blind to the truth：the only resolution is for the aspirations of both sides to be met through two states，where Israelis and Palestinians each live in peace and security.
That is in Israel’s interest，Palestine’s interest，America’s interest，and the world’s interest. That is why I intend to personally pursue this outcome with all the patience that the task requires. The obligations that the parties have agreed to under the Road Map are clear. For peace to come，it is time for them- and all of us - to live up to our responsibilities.
Palestinians must abandon violence. Resistance through violence and killing is wrong and does not succeed. For centuries，black people in America suffered the lash of the whip as slaves and the humiliation of segregation. But it was not violence that won full and equal rights. It was a peaceful and determined insistence upon the ideals at the center of America’s founding. This same story can be told by people from South Africa to South Asia；from Eastern Europe to Indonesia. It’s a story with a simple truth：that violence is a dead end. It is a sign of neither courage nor power to shoot rockets at sleeping children，or to blow up old women on a bus. That is not how moral authority is claimed；that is how it is surrendered.
Now is the time for Palestinians to focus on what they can build. The Palestinian Authority must develop its capacity to govern，with institutions that serve the needs of its people. Hamas does have support among some Palestinians，but they also have responsibilities. To play a role in fulfilling Palestinian aspirations，and to unify the Palestinian people，Hamas must put an end to violence，recognize past agreements，and recognize Israel’s right to exist.
At the same time，Israelis must acknowledge that just as Israel’s right to exist cannot be denied，neither can Palestine’s. The United States does not accept the legitimacy of continued Israeli settlements. This construction violates previous agreements and undermines efforts to achieve peace. It is time for these settlements to stop.
Israel must also live up to its obligations to ensure that Palestinians can live，and work，and develop their society. And just as it devastates Palestinian families，the continuing humanitarian crisis in Gaza does not serve Israel’s security；neither does the continuing lack of opportunity in the West Bank. Progress in the daily lives of the Palestinian people must be part of a road to peace，and Israel must take concrete steps to enable such progress.
Finally，the Arab States must recognize that the Arab Peace Initiative was an important beginning，but not the end of their responsibilities. The Arab-Israeli conflict should no longer be used to distract the people of Arab nations from other problems. Instead，it must be a cause for action to help the Palestinian people develop the institutions that will sustain their state；to recognize Israel’s legitimacy；and to choose progress over a self-defeating focus on the past.
America will align our policies with those who pursue peace，and say in public what we say in private to Israelis and Palestinians and Arabs. We cannot impose peace. But privately，many Muslims recognize that Israel will not go away. Likewise，many Israelis recognize the need for a Palestinian state. It is time for us to act on what everyone knows to be true.
Too many tears have flowed. Too much blood has been shed. All of us have a responsibility to work for the day when the mothers of Israelis and Palestinians can see their children grow up without fear；when the Holy Land of three great faiths is the place of peace that God intended it to be；when Jerusalem is a secure and lasting home for Jews and Christians and Muslims，and a place for all of the children of Abraham to mingle peacefully together as in the story of Israel，when Moses，Jesus，and Mohammed (peace be upon them) joined in prayer.
The third source of tension is our shared interest in the rights and responsibilities of nations on nuclear weapons.
This issue has been a source of tension between the United States and the Islamic Republic of Iran. For many years，Iran has defined itself in part by its opposition to my country，and there is indeed a tumultuous history between us. In the middle of the Cold War，the United States played a role in the overthrow of a democratically- elected Iranian government. Since the Islamic Revolution，Iran has played a role in acts of hostage-taking and violence against U.S. troops and civilians. This history is well known. Rather than remain trapped in the past，I have made it clear to Iran’s leaders and people that my country is prepared to move forward. The question，now，is not what Iran is against，but rather what future it wants to build.
