diseased，in bad health.doctrines，teachings.human being，man.
monasteries，religious houses in which monks lived.
monks，men who lived apart from the world.
persecution，infliction of suffering and
death.
suffered death，were killed.
1.Meanwhile a great religious change，called the Reformation，was taking place in Germany.Henry had at first opposed it，and had written a book againstaLuther，its leader.But now that he had quarrelled with the Pope，he sidedwith the Reformers.Having called himself Head of the Church，he began to destroy the monasteries throughout England，to turn the monks out into the world，and to seize their riches.
2.Then followed a long persecution.Henry made a law that every one must，on pain of death，believe what the Head of the Church believed.By this law Roman Catholics were burned to death for not calling him Head of the Church；and Protestants，for not believing his doctrines.Such numbers suffered death through this law that it was ever afterwards known as the Bloody Statute.
3.Henry had now become tired of his second wife，Anne Boleyn，and had fallen in love with the beautiful Jane Seymour.He accused Anne of evil ways，and had her beheaded.The very next day he married Jane Seymour；but she died in less than a year，after giving birth to a son （afterwards Edward the Sixth）.
b
4.He then married a fourth wife，Anne of Cleves；but not liking her，heput her away，with a pension of ？3，000a year.The same year he married a fifth wife，Catherine Howard.Before another year was gone he had her beheaded for her wicked life before her marriage.Shortly afterwards he married his sixth and last wife，Catherine Parr，who outlived him.
a Luther.-Martin Luther，the great German reformer，was at first a monk.He preached strongly against the sale of pardons by the Pope.He afterwards translated the Bible into German.Born 1483；died 1546.b Anne of Cleves.-Daughter of the Duke of Cleves，a German nobleman.
5.During the later part of his life，Henry became very fat and heavy，and diseased；and not having patience to bear his trials，he is said to have been more like a chained lion than like a human being.
6.In early life Henry was of a gay and generous nature；but as years advanced he became deceitful and cruel.Towards the end of his reign he spared neither friend nor foe，and gained the character of a blood-thirsty tyrant.It is said that seventy-two thousand persons suffered death for various offences during his reign.He left three children；-Mary，daughter of Catherine of Aragon；Elizabeth，daughter of Anne Boleyn；and Edward，son of Jane Seymour；-each of whom afterwards sat upon the throne.
7.Notes of Progress.-In this reign，the Bible，made cheaper by means of printing，began to find its way into the houses of the people.-For writing against Luther，Henry received from the Pope the title of Defender of theaFaith.
All English Sovereigns since that time have borne this title.-A greatmeeting took place in France between Henry and the French King；and such was the splendour displayed，that the meeting was called The Field of the Cloth of Gold.
中文阅读
1.在这一时期，著名的宗教改革运动在德国发生了。亨利先是对其表示反对，还专门写了一本书来批驳这场运动的领导人路德b。但是后来他又与教皇激烈争论，并完全站在路德一边。他自称“教会首领”，下令毁弃英格兰全部的修道院，解散修道士群体，并且占据他们通过修道院聚敛的财产。
2.接下来就是长时间的宗教迫害。1539年，亨利制定法律要求所有国民必须信仰“教会首领”所信仰的教义，违者处死。英格兰的罗马天主教徒就是因为不认他为“教会首领”而被全部烧死，还有那些不信仰他所倡导的教义的新教徒也都全部葬身火刑。这条将许多人迫害致死的法律也由此被后世称为“血律”。
3.后来亨利对他的第二任妻子安妮·博林也感到厌烦，爱上了美丽的简·西摩。1536年，他以极为罪恶的手段对安妮罗织罪名，最终将其斩首。就在安妮被执a Defender of the Faith.-The title is shown by the letters F.D.（for the Latin Fidei Defensor，Defender of the Faith）on the coins of the realm.
b 路德：即马丁·路德，德国的宗教改革家，最初为修道士。他曾极力抨击教皇以赎罪而敛财而行为，后来还将《圣经》翻译成德文。他生于1483年，死于1546年。马丁路德倡导的宗教改革对西方思想史影响甚巨。他的“惟独圣经、惟独信心、惟独恩典”的神学思想为基督信徒开启了新的信仰之门，让强大的教会力量得以削弱，“因信称义”的新神学观得以普照大地，为西方的文艺复兴、启蒙运动、理性主义的思想路径提供了很重要画外音。甚至可以说，今天的西方主流文明格局与样态，在很大程度上与路德的思想贡献不无关系。--译者注行死刑的第二天，他就迎娶了简·西摩，但是她生下一个儿子不到一年就死了，这个孩子就是后来的爱德华六世。
4.于是他又娶了他的第四位妻子，克利夫斯家族的安妮a。但是很快就不喜欢她，将她打入冷宫，每年给她3000英镑作为抚恤金。然后就在同一年，他接着娶了第五位妻子，凯瑟琳·霍华德。又是好景不长，第二年他就因为她婚前的不检点经历把她斩首处决了。然后很快他又娶了他的第六位也是最后一位妻子，凯瑟琳·帕尔，这位终于得以长久，并后于亨利而殁。
5.亨利在后半生里变得又肥又胖，自然疾病丛生。人们对他的顽劣暴戾都忍无可忍，认为他更像是一头被铁链拴着的狮子，而不像一个人。
6.亨利早年本来就放荡不羁，随着年龄增长，还更显虚伪残忍。到他执政晚期，他已经分不清谁是朋友谁是敌人，完全成了一个嗜血的独夫。据说在他当国期间，共有七万二千人因触怒于他而死。他留下三个孩子：凯瑟琳·阿拉贡的女儿玛丽、安妮·博林的女儿伊丽莎白、简·西摩的儿子爱德华，后来他们每人都登上了王位。
7.社会文明进步--在此一时期，由于印刷术的发展，《圣经》的印制成本大大降低，因此得以流通进入寻常百姓家里。因著书批判路德，教皇嘉许亨利为“信仰守护者b”，从此英格兰君主都沿袭此一称号。期间亨利还与法国国王举行了一次奢华无比的会面，史称“金缕地之会”。
a 克利夫斯家族的安妮：德国贵族克利夫斯公爵的女儿。
b 信仰守护者：此一称号也被写成字母F.D.（拉丁文Fidei Defensor或英文Defender of the Faith）常见于硬币之上。
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EDWARD VI
爱德华六世
1547to 1553A.D.-6years（公元1547~1553年，在位6年）amiable，kind.cure，heal.favour，good-will.
make a will，give directions to be followed after his death.
match，marriage.neglect，being overlooked.proposals，offers.renewed，made again.
thirsting，greatly desiring.
1.Edward the Sixth was the son of the late King and Jane Seymour.Being only ten years of age，his uncle，the Duke of Somerset，was made Protector.He was a Protestant，and，with the help of Archbishop Cranmer，and Bishops Ridley and Latimer，he did much to help forward the Reformation in England.
a
2.The late King had set his heart on the marriage of Edward with Mary，the young Queen of Scots.The proposals for this match were now renewed；but the Scots would not agree.Somerset therefore led an army into Scotland，andbgained the Battle of Pinkie.
But Mary was sent to France，where she marriedthe Dauphin；that is，the eldest son of the French King.
3.Soon after this，Somerset，by taking too much power to himself，lost the favour of the people；and his rival，the Earl of Northumberland，sought his ruin.Many charges having been brought against him，he was tried for high treason，and was beheaded；and Northumberland took his place as Protector.
